NEET Biology Multiple Choice Questions – Bio Technology And Its Applications

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Bio Technology And Its Applications

Question 1. Which one of the following can be used as a permanent cure for ADA deficiency?

  1. Bone marrow transplantation on detection of disorder in adults.
  2. Enzyme replacement therapy at any point in life.
  3. Both (1) and (2).
  4. Gene therapy at early embryonic stages.

Answer. 4. Gene therapy at early embryonic stages.

Question 2. Which one of the following is a transgenic product useful for the treatment of hemophilia?

  1. Factor VIII
  2. Antithrombin II
  3. α-1-antitrypsin
  4. Lysostaphin

Answer. 1. Factor VIII

Question 3. Who is responsible for obtaining interferons through re- combinant DNA technique?

  1. A.R. Bounting
  2. Eli Lily
  3. Charles Weissmann
  4. A. Tiselius

Answer. 3. Charles Weissmann

Question 4. Select the incorrect statement:

  1. RNAi silencing takes place in all eukaryotic organ- isms as a method of cellular defense.
  2. RNAi requires silencing of mRNA by binding of complementary ssDNA molecule.
  3. Complementary nucleic acid could be from mobile genetic elements (transposons).
  4. Ti plasmid with nematode-specific genes has been used in RNAi.

Answer. 2. RNAi requires silencing of mRNA by binding of complementary ssDNA molecule.

Question 5. Which gene controls the transcription of chain A and chain B required for humulin synthesis in E. coli?

  1. B-Lactamase
  2. B-Galactosidase
  3. Polygalacturonase
  4. Chitinase

Answer. 2. B-Galactosidase

Question 6. Transgenic Brassica napus has been used for the synthesis of

  1. Hirudin
  2. Heparin
  3. Polygalacturonase
  4. Cry protein

Answer. 1. Hirudin

Question 7. Which genes encode the protein to control bollworm infection in cotton plants?

  1. Cry II Ab
  2. Cry I Ac
  3. Both (1) and (2)
  4. Amp

Answer. 3. Both (1) and (2)

Question 8. Which is incorrect with respect to GM food?

  1. It contains the protein produced by the transgene in question.
  2. GM food contains antibiotic resistance gene itself.
  3. The enzyme produced by antibiotic resistance gene will not cause allergies.
  4. The bacteria in gut of humans could take by antibiotic resistance gene.

Answer. 3. The enzyme produced by antibiotic resistance gene will not cause allergies.

Question 9. Golden rice-a transgenic variety of rice is principally richer than normal rice in

  1. Cry I Ab
  2. Hirudin
  3. TPA
  4. B-carotene

Answer. 4. B-carotene

Question 10. Southern blotting cannot be performed without

  1. Restriction endonucleases
  2. Agarose
  3. Monoclonal antibodies
  4. Both (1) and (2)

Answer. 4. Both (1) and (2)

Question 11. Plants, bacteria, fungi, and animals whose genes have been altered by manipulation are called genetically modified organisms (GMO). Which of the following statement is not applicable to GM plants?

  1. Reduced reliance on chemical pesticides.
  2. Prevent early exhaustion of fertility of soil.
  3. Crops less tolerant to abiotic stress (cold, drought, salt, and heat).
  4. Enhanced nutritional value of food.

Answer. 3. Crops less tolerant to abiotic stress (cold, drought, salt, and heat).

Question 12. In case of Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus itself is not killed by toxic protein crystals produced by it because

  1. Bt toxin protein is not produced in Bacillus
  2. Bt toxin protein is produced in very less amount in Bacillus
  3. Bt toxin exists as inactive toxin
  4. Bt toxin cannot cause any damage to Bacillus

Answer. 3. Bt toxin exists as inactive toxin

Question 13. Bt toxin kills the insect by

  1. Blocking nerve conduction
  2. Damaging the surface of trachea
  3. Creating pores in the tracheal system
  4. Creating pores in the mid gut

Answer. 4. Creating pores in the mid gut

Question 14. Which of the following cry gene codes for the protein which can control the corn borer effectively?

  1. cry I Ac
  2. cry II Ab
  3. cry I Ab
  4. cry II Ac

Answer. 3. cry I Ab

Question 15. RNA interference (RNAi) technique has been devised to protect plants from nematode. In this technique, the mRNA of nematode is silenced by _______ produced by the host plant.

  1. dsDNA
  2. ssDNA
  3. dsRNA
  4. Target proteins

Answer. 3. dsRNA

Question 16. Which of the following peptide chain is removed during the maturation of pro-insulin into insulin?

  1. A peptide
  2. B peptide
  3. C peptide
  4. A and C peptides

Answer. 3. C peptide

Question 17. Eli Lilly, an American company, prepared two DNA se- quences corresponding to A and B chains of human insulin and introduced them in the plasmids of E. coli to produce insulin chains. Chains A and B were produced separately, extracted, and combined by creating

  1. Peptide bonds
  2. Ionic bonds
  3. H-bonds
  4. Disulfide bonds

Answer. 4. Disulfide bonds

Question 18. The first clinical gene therapy was given in 1990 to a 4-year old girl with which of the following enzyme deficiency?

  1. Adenosine deaminase
  2. Tyrosine oxidase
  3. Monamine oxidase
  4. Glutamate dehydrogenase

Answer. 1. Adenosine deaminase

Question 19. Which of the following could be a permanent cure for the treatment of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)?

  1. Bone marrow transplantation
  2. Enzyme replacement therapy
  3. Both (1) and (2)
  4. Gene therapy

Answer. 4. Gene therapy

Question 20. Which of the following technique is being used to detect mutations in genes in suspected cancer patients?

  1. PCR
  2. ELISA
  3. Blood analysis
  4. PAGE

Answer. 1. PCR

Question 21. Animals that have had their DNA manipulated to possess and express an extra gene are known as

  1. Foreign animals
  2. Superior animals
  3. Transgenic animals
  4. Intergenic animals

Answer. 3. Transgenic animals

Question 22. About 95% of all existing transgenic animals are

  1. Rabbits
  2. Pigs
  3. Cows
  4. Mice

Answer. 4. Mice

Question 23. Today, transgenic models exist for many human diseases which includes

A. Cancer

B. Cystic fibrosis

C. Rheumatoid arthritis

D. Alzheimer’s disease

  1. (A) and (C) only
  2. (B) and (C) only
  3. (A), (B), and (C) only
  4. All of these

Answer. 4. All of these

Question 24. Which of the following is not a true statement with respect to Bt cotton?

  1. Bt toxin is produced by a bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis.
  2. It is an example of biopesticide.
  3. Bt toxin gene has been cloned in plants to provide resistance to insects.
  4. Bt cotton could decrease the amount of pesticide used.

Answer. 3. Bt toxin gene has been cloned in plants to provide resistance to insects.

Question 25. How many recombinant therapeutics have been approved for human use all over the world?

  1. 12
  2. 30
  3. 20
  4. 18

Answer. 2. 30

Question 26. Which of the following techniques serve the purpose of early diagnosis?

A. Recombinant DNA technology

B. PCR

C. ELISA

  1. (A) only
  2. (A) and (C) only
  3. (A) and (B) only
  4. All of these

Answer. 4. All of these

Question 27. Which of the following technique is based upon the principle of antigen-antibody interaction?

  1. PCR
  2. ELISA
  3. Recombinant DNA technology
  4. RNA interference

Answer. 2. ELISA

Question 28. Which of the following transgenic protein product has been used to treat emphysema?

  1. α-l-Antitrypsin
  2. α-Lactalbumin
  3. Cry protein
  4. C-peptide

Answer. 1. α-l-Antitrypsin

Question 29. How many varieties of rice have been estimated to be present in India?

  1. 2000
  2. 20,000
  3. 2,00,000
  4. 20,00,000

Answer. 3. 2,00,000

Question 30. The use of bioresources by multinational companies and other organizations without proper authorization from the countries and people concerned without compensatory payment is called

  1. Bioethics
  2. Biopiracy
  3. Bioterror
  4. Bioweapon

Answer. 2. Biopiracy

Question 31. Amongst the following, which characteristic is not applicable to Bt cotton?

  1. Bt is the abbreviated term for botulinum toxin.
  2. Such cotton is resistant to armyworms and beetles.
  3. The toxin is activated in the body of the insect.
  4. The toxin is coded by a gene called “cry.”

Answer. 1. Bt is the abbreviated term for botulinum toxin.

Question 32. Which biotechnology company is credited with the synthesis of genetically engineered human insulin for the first time?

  1. Celera genomics
  2. Cipla
  3. Eli Lily
  4. Ranbaxy

Answer. 3. Eli Lily

Question 33. Functional ADA cDNA can be introduced into the cells of the patient receiving gene therapy by using a vector constituted by

  1. E. coli
  2. Reovirus
  3. Retrovirus
  4. Agrobacterium

Answer. 3. Retrovirus

Question 34. Which variety of rice was patented by a US company even though the highest number of varieties of this rice is found in India?

  1. Shamati Sonara
  2. Co-667
  3. Basmati
  4. Lerma Roja

Answer. 3. Basmati

Question 35. Which step has the Government of India taken to cater to the requirement of patent terms and other emergency provisions in this regard?

  1. Biopiracy Act
  2. Indian Patents Bill
  3. RTI Act
  4. Negotiable Instruments Act

Answer. 2. Indian Patents Bill

Question 36. What is another term used for GMO (genetically modified organisms)?

  1. Cybrid organisms
  2. Genomorphic organisms
  3. Transgenic organisms
  4. Conjoint twins

Answer. 3. Transgenic organisms

Question 37. Transgenic models can be used to investigate several human diseases such as

  1. Alzheimer’s disease
  2. Cystic fibrosis
  3. Carcinoma
  4. All of these

Answer. 4. All of these

Question 38. Which GMO is now being developed in order to be used in testing the safety of polio vaccines before they are used in humans?

  1. Transgenic sheep
  2. Transgenic cow
  3. Transgenic mice
  4. Transgenic viruses

Answer. 3. Transgenic mice

Question 39. Which method of cellular defense is common in all eukaryotic organisms?

  1. RNA interference
  2. Reverse transcription
  3. VNTR
  4. Phagocytosis

Answer. 1. RNA interference

Question 40. “Silencing” of mRNA molecule in order to control the production of a harmful protein has been used in the protection of plants from

  1. Nematodes
  2. Beetles
  3. Mosquitoes
  4. Flies

Answer. 1. Nematodes

Question 41. Mark the odd one with respect to the advantages of genetically modified plants:

  1. Production of food with better nutritional value.
  2. Decrease in post harvest losses.
  3. Decreased dependence on fertilizers.
  4. Decreased usage of minerals.

Answer. 4. Decreased usage of minerals.

Question 42. In which disease has the advancement of genetic engineering still not been used as clinical cure?

  1. Emphysema
  2. Cystic fibrosis
  3. Phenylketonuria
  4. Anencephaly

Answer. 4. Anencephaly

Question 43. Which substance is tested in case of toxicity/safety testing using transgenic animals?

  1. Chemicals
  2. Pathogen
  3. The amount of DNA in the cell
  4. The amount of tolerable radiation levels of an organism

Answer. 1. Chemicals

Question 44. Which step proved to be the main challenging obstacle in the production of human insulin by genetic engineering?

  1. Removal of C-peptide from active insulin.
  2. Getting insulin assembled into a mature form.
  3. Addition of C-peptide to pro-insulin.
  4. Splitting A and B polypeptide chains.

Answer. 2. Getting insulin assembled into a mature form.

Question 45. What is the disadvantage of using processed insulin (from pig pancreas) in diabetic patients?

  1. It leads to hypercalcaemia.
  2. It may cause allergic reactions.
  3. It is expensive.
  4. It can lead to mutations in human recipients.

Answer. 2. It may cause allergic reactions.

Question 46. Why are repeated transfusions of genetically engineered cells required in SCID patients?

  1. The transfused cells have limited lifespan.
  2. The introduced gene is mutated.
  3. The enzyme required is degraded after 20 days of transfusion.
  4. Both (2) and (3).

Answer. 1. The transfused cells have limited lifespan.

Question 47. Which Indian plants have either been patented or attempts have been made to patent them by the Western nations for their commercial use?

  1. Basmati rice
  2. Turmeric
  3. Neem
  4. All of these have been targeted

Answer. 4. All of these have been targeted

Question 48. Why is insulin usually not administered orally to a diabetic patient?

  1. Insulin is bitter in taste.
  2. Insulin is a peptide.
  3. Insulin will lead to a sudden decrease in blood sugar if given orally.
  4. Insulin leads to peptic ulcer orally.

Answer. 2. Insulin is a peptide.

Question 49. Which technique would you expect to be completely curative in SCID?

  1. Gene therapy in adult stage.
  2. Gene therapy in embryonic stage.
  3. Bone marrow transplantation.
  4. Enzyme replacement therapy.

Answer. 2. Gene therapy in embryonic stage.

Question 50. A doctor while operating on an HIV+ patient accidentally cut himself with a scalpel. He comes to you, suspecting himself to have contracted the virus. Which test will you advise him to rule out/confirm his suspicion?

  1. PCR
  2. Routine urine examination
  3. TLC
  4. DLC

Answer. 1. PCR

Question 51. Match the following genes in column 1 with the insects that can be protected from with their coded proteins in column 2.

Column 1                    Column 2

a. cry I Ac                   (1) Cotton bollworm

b.cry I Ab                  (2) Beetles

c. Bt toxin gene        (3) Corn borer

  1. a (1), b (3), c (2)
  2. a (2), b (1), c (3)
  3. a (1), b (2), c (3)
  4. a (2), b (3), c (1)

Answer. 1. a (1), b (3), c (2)

Question 52. Which protein would you like to be produced by genetic engineering as cure for diseases such as emphysema?

  1. α-1-Antitrypsin
  2. Trypsin
  3. Chymotrypsin
  4. All of the above are required

Answer. 1. α-1-Antitrypsin

Question 53. “Rosie,” a transgenic cow, is known to produce a type of milk which has all the following characteristics, except

  1. Protein content of 2.4 g/L
  2. Has human a-lactalbumin
  3. More balanced diet than normal cow milk for babies
  4. Was produced for the first time in 2001

Answer. 4. Was produced for the first time in 2001

Question 54. According to the latest estimates, how many documented varieties of basmati rice are grown in India?

  1. 30
  2. 27
  3. 118
  4. 125

Answer. 2. 27

Question 55. Which ingredient was present in high concentrations in genetically modified (GM) rice as compared to the usual rice?

  1. Protein
  2. Carbohydrates
  3. Na+ ions
  4. Vitamin A

Answer. 4. Vitamin A

Question 56. Which of the following cannot be achieved using PCR?

  1. Detect HIV in AIDS suspect.
  2. Detect mutations in cancer patients.
  3. Detect antigen-antibody interactions
  4. Detect specific microorganisms from soil.

Answer. 3. Detect antigen-antibody interactions

Question 57. In electrophoresis, the separation of DNA fragments is based on

  1. Charge
  2. Mass only
  3. Size
  4. Both (1) and (3)

Answer. 4. Both (1) and (3)

Question 58. Pick the odd one out:

  1. DNA microinjection
  2. RNA interference
  3. Retro virus mediated gene transfer
  4. Embryonic stem cell mediated gene transfer

Answer. 2. RNA interference

Question 59. In xenotransplantation, a protein that causes graft rejection usually comes from transgenic

  1. Cow
  2. Mice
  3. Pig
  4. Sheep

Answer. 3. Pig

Question 60. Transgenics has provided many pharmaceuticals in their milk for the treatment of diseases. Which one of the following has not been a successful story?

  1. Phenylketonuria
  2. SCID
  3. Emphysema (hereditary)
  4. CFTR

Answer. 2. SCID

Question 61. Which is not true with respect to transgenic animals and their contribution to human welfare?

  1. Transgenic mice are being tested to ensure safety of polio vaccine.
  2. Rosie’s milk contained human gene insulin.
  3. Transgenic cows produce milk with less lactose.
  4. Transgenic sheep grow more wool.

Answer. 2. Rosie’s milk contained human gene insulin.

Question 62. An antibacterial compound that prevents mastitis in cows is

  1. α-1-Antitrypsin
  2. Lysostaphin
  3. Lysozyme
  4. Alginate lyase

Answer. 2. Lysostaphin

Question 63. Choose the incorrect statement with respect to bioweapons:

  1. They are low-cost weapons.
  2. They cause more casualties than conventional weapons.
  3. They are extremely difficult to detect.
  4. Bacterium E. coli created letter scare in 2001.

Answer. 4. Bacterium E. coli created letter scare in 2001.

Question 64. A set of standards by which a community regulates its behavior and activities in relation to the biological world is termed as

  1. Biopatent
  2. Biopiracy
  3. Patent
  4. Bioethic

Answer. 4. Bioethic

Question 65. Nexia Biotechnologies spliced spider genes into the cells of lactating

  1. Cow
  2. Sheep
  3. Goat
  4. None of these

Answer. 3. Goat

Question 66. Nif gene for nitrogen fixation in cereal crops such as wheat and jowar is introduced by cloning

  1. Rhizobium meliloti
  2. Bacillus thuringiensis
  3. Rhizopus
  4. Rhizophora

Answer. 1. Rhizobium meliloti

Question 67. VNTRS represent

  1. New terminal regions in DNA
  2. Functional genes in DNA
  3. Split genes in sample DNA
  4. Specific non-coding sequences with unique tandem repeats

Answer. 4. Specific non-coding sequences with unique tandem repeats

Question 68. Sheep Dolly was genetically similar to

  1. The mother from which nucleated fertilized egg was taken
  2. The mother from which the nucleus of udder cell was taken
  3. The surrogate mother
  4. Both surrogate mother and nuclear donor mother

Answer. 2. The mother from which the nucleus of udder cell was taken

Question 69. How does a bacterial cell protect its own DNA from restriction enzymes?

  1. By adding methyl groups to adenines and cystosines.
  2. By reinforcing bacterial DNA structure with covalent phosphodiester bonds.
  3. By adding histones to protect the double-stranded DNA
  4. By forming “sticky ends” of bacterial DNA to prevent the enzyme from attaching.

Answer. 1. By adding methyl groups to adenines and cystosines.

Question 70. All cells contain the same genetic information. Why cannot cells other than stem cells differentiate into various tissues?

  1. As cells develop, their genetic makeup changes.
  2. Stem cells are the only cells that can be implanted.
  3. Stem cells are the only cells that do not have an X or Y chromosome and can, therefore, go into either a male or a female.
  4. As cells develop, some genes are turned off permanently.

Answer. 4. As cells develop, some genes are turned off permanently.

Question 71. Polymerase chain reaction technology (PCR-technique) is used for

  1. DNA identification
  2. DNA repair
  3. DNA amplification
  4. Cleave DNA

Answer. 3. DNA amplification

Question 72. Which scientists obtained interferon through recombinant DNA technology?

  1. Kohler and Milstein
  2. Charles Weisman
  3. Nathans and Smith
  4. An American firm

Answer. 2. Charles Weisman

Question 73. When the genotype of an organism is improved by the addition of a foreign gene, the process is called

  1. Tissue culture
  2. Genetic diversity
  3. Genetic engineering
  4. Plastic surgery

Answer. 3. Genetic engineering

Question 74. A genetically manipulated organism containing in its genome one or more inserted genes of another species is called

  1. Transposon
  2. Gene expression
  3. Transgenic organism
  4. Retroposons

Answer. 3. Transgenic organism

Question 75. The use of transgenic plants as biological factories for the production of special chemicals is called

  1. Molecular farming
  2. Molecular genetics
  3. Molecular mapping
  4. Dry farming

Answer. 1. Molecular farming

Question 76. Which vector is commonly used in the transfer of gene in a crop plant?

  1. Plasmids of B. subtilis
  2. Bacteriophages
  3. Ti plasmids of Agrobacterium
  4. E. coli phages

Answer. 3. Ti plasmids of Agrobacterium

Question 77. The tumor inducing capacity of Agrobacterium tumaefaciens is located in large extrachromosomal plasmid called

  1. Ti plasmid
  2. Ri plasmid
  3. Lambda phage
  4. Plasmid pBR322

Answer. 1. Ti plasmid

Question 78. Genetic engineering aims at

  1. Destroying wild gene
  2. Preserving defective gene
  3. Curing human disease by introducing new gene (hemophilia)
  4. All the above

Answer. 3. Curing human disease by introducing new gene (hemophilia)

Question 79. Taq polymerase which is used in amplification of DNA is related with

  1. Hybridoma technique
  2. PCR technique
  3. Gene cloning
  4. rDNA technology

Answer. 2. PCR technique

Question 80. DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis are shown. Mark the correct statement:

NEET Biology Bio Technology And Its Applications Question 80

  1. Band 3 contains more positively charged DNA molecules than band 1.
  2. Band 3 indicates more charge density than bands 1 and 2.
  3. Band 1 has longer DNA fragment than bands 2 and 3.
  4. All bands have equal length and charges but differ in base composition.

Answer. 3. Band 1 has longer DNA fragment than bands 2 and 3.

Question 81. Thermal cycle takes place in which technique?

  1. Gel electrophoresis
  2. PCR technique
  3. Centrifugation
  4. Southern blotting

Answer. 2. PCR technique

Question 82. Cry gene, which synthesizes crystal protein, is isolated from

  1. Bacillus thuringiensis
  2. Rhizobium
  3. Bacillus polymyxa
  4. Clostridium

Answer. 1. Bacillus thuringiensis

Question 83. Which of the following risks is associated with genetically modified food?

  1. Toxicity
  2. Allergic reaction
  3. Antibiotic resistance in microorganisms present in alimentary canal
  4. All of the above

Answer. 4. All of the above

Question 84. PCR technique is used in

  1. Production of transgenic microbes
  2. Production of genetically modified food
  3. Forensic investigation
  4. rDNA technique

Answer. 3. Forensic investigation

Question 85. TDF gene is a

  1. Gene present on X-chromosome
  2. Segment of RNA
  3. Proteinaceous factor
  4. Gene present on Y-chromosome

Answer. 4. Gene present on Y-chromosome

Question 86. BACS and YACs are

  1. Natural DNA obtained from bacteria and yeast
  2. Useful vectors for eukaryotic gene transfer
  3. Artificial DNA obtained from bacteria and yeast
  4. (2) and (3) both

Answer. 4. (2) and (3) both

Question 87. Gene therapy was first used in the treatment of

  1. Albinism
  2. Hemophilia
  3. SCID
  4. LIQID

Answer. 3. SCID

Question 88. DNA probe is used for

  1. DNA fingerprinting
  2. Detection of pathogenic bacteria
  3. Medical genetics to find whether a person carries a particular gene or not
  4. All of the above

Answer. 4. All of the above

Question 89. Bt cotton is resistant to

  1. Roundworm
  2. Flukeworm
  3. Bollworm
  4. Pinworm

Answer. 3. Bollworm

Question 90. A genetically engineered microorganism used successfully in the bioremediation of oil spills is a species of

  1. Pseudomonas
  2. Trichoderma
  3. Xanthomonas
  4. Bacillus

Answer. 1. Pseudomonas

Question 91. The first transgenic plant is

  1. Potato
  2. Tomato
  3. Tobacco
  4. Maize

Answer. 3. Tobacco

Question 92. Sheep Dolly was obtained by

  1. Cloning the udder cell (somatic cell) fused with uninucleated oocyte
  2. Cloning of gametes
  3. Tissue culture
  4. None

Answer. 1. Cloning the udder cell (somatic cell) fused with uninucleated oocyte

Question 93. E. coli are used in the production of

  1. Rifampicin
  2. LH
  3. Ecdyson
  4. Interferon

Answer. 4. Interferon

Question 94. A gaint rat is formed in the laboratory. What is the reason?

  1. Gene mutation
  2. Gene synthesis
  3. Gene manipulation
  4. Gene replication

Answer. 3. Gene manipulation

Question 95. The first cloned animal was

  1. Dolly sheep
  2. Polly sheep
  3. Molly sheep
  4. Dog

Answer. 1. Dolly sheep

Question 96. Introduction of food plants developed by genetic engineering is not desirable because

  1. Economy of developing countries may suffer
  2. These products are less tasty as compared to the already existing products
  3. This method is costly
  4. There is danger of introduction of viruses and toxins with introduced crop

Answer. 4. There is danger of introduction of viruses and toxins with introduced crop

Question 97. Which one of the following has found extensive use in genetic engineering work in plants?

  1. Bacillus coagulans
  2. Agrobacterium tumefaciens
  3. Clostridium septicum
  4. Xanthomonas citri

Answer. 2. Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Question 98. The maximum application of animal cell culture technology today is in the production of

  1. Vaccines
  2. Edible protein
  3. Insulin
  4. Interferon

Answer. 1. Vaccines

Question 99. Ti plasmid is often used for making transgenic plants. This plasmid is found in

  1. Yeast as a 2-mm plasmid
  2. Azotobacter
  3. Rhizobium of the roots of leguminous plants
  4. Agrobacterium

Answer. 4. Agrobacterium

Question 100. The cultivation of Bt cotton has been much in the news. Prefix “Bt” means

  1. “Barium-treated” cotton seeds
  2. “Bigger thread” variety of cotton with better tensile strength
  3. Produced by “biotechnology” using restriction enzymes and ligases
  4. Carrying an endotoxin gene from Bacillus thuringienisis

Answer. 4. Carrying an endotoxin gene from Bacillus thuringienisis

Question 101. An example of gene therapy is

  1. Production of injectable hepatitis B vaccine
  2. Production of vaccines in food crops such as potatoes which can be eaten
  3. Introduction of gene for adenosine deaminase in persons suffering from severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
  4. Production of test-tube babies by artificial insemination and implantation of fertilized eggs

Answer. 3. Introduction of gene for adenosine deaminase in persons suffering from severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)

Question 102. Bacteria Pseudomonas is useful because of its ability to

  1. Transfer genes from one plant to another
  2. Decompose a variety of organic compounds
  3. Fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil
  4. Produce a wide variety of antibiotics

Answer. 2. Decompose a variety of organic compounds

Question 103. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains have been used for designing novel

  1. Bioinsecticidal plants
  2. Bio-mineralization processes
  3. Biofertilizers
  4. Bio-metallurgical techniques

Answer. 1. Bioinsecticidal plants

Question 104. Which one of the following is a correct statement?

  1. “Bt” in Bt-cotton indicates that it is a genetically modified organism produced through biotechnology.
  2. Somatic hybridization involves the fusion of two complete plant cells carrying desired genes.
  3. The anticoagulant hirudin is being produced from transgenic Brassica napus seeds.
  4. “Flavr Savr” variety of tomato has enhanced the production of ethylene which improves its taste.

Answer. 3. The anticoagulant hirudin is being produced from transgenic Brassica napus seeds.

Question 105. The approximate number of genes contained in the genome of Kalpana Chowla was

  1. 40,000
  2. 30,000
  3. 80,000
  4. 1,00,000

Answer. 2. 30,000

Question 106. In transgenics, the expression of transgene in target tissue is determined by

  1. Reporter
  2. Enhancer
  3. Transgene
  4. Promoter

Answer. 4. Promoter

Question 107. Golden rice is a promising transgenic crop. When released for cultivation, it will help in

  1. Alleviation of vitamin A deficiency
  2. Pest resistance
  3. Herbicide tolerance
  4. Producing a petrol-like fuel from rice

Answer. 1. Alleviation of vitamin A deficiency

Question 108. Agrobacterium tumefaciens contains a large plasmid, which induces tumor in plants. It is termed as

  1. Ti plasmid
  2. Ri plasmid
  3. Recombinant plasmid
  4. Shine-Dalgarno sequence

Answer. 1. Ti plasmid

Question 109. Transgenic crops are modified through genetic engineering to develop natural resistance to insect pests. Which one is a transgenic plant?

  1. Tobacco and cotton
  2. Tomato and rice
  3. Maize and sugarcane
  4. Tomato and wheat

Answer. 1. Tobacco and cotton

Question 110. Genetically engineered human insulin is called

  1. Humulin
  2. Haematin
  3. Hybriodoma
  4. Hybrid

Answer. 1. Humulin

Question 111. Abzymes are

  1. Abnormal enzymes
  2. Enzymes acting on antibodies
  3. Antibodies acting as enzymes
  4. All of these

Answer. 3. Antibodies acting as enzymes

Question 112. Hybridoma technology was developed by

  1. Taggart, 1982
  2. Prie and Saxton, 1987
  3. Vitella et. al., 1982
  4. Kohler and Milstein

Answer. 4. Kohler and Milstein

Question 113. The technique for monoclonal antibody production was discovered by

  1. Steward and Skoog
  2. Arban and Haberlan
  3. Kohler and Milstein
  4. Lister and Koach

Answer. 3. Kohler and Milstein

Question 114. The first clinical gene therapy was given for treating

  1. Both sense and anti-sense RNA
  2. A particular hormone
  3. An antifeedant
  4. A toxic protein

Answer. 1. Both sense and anti-sense RNA

Question 115. Tobacco plants resistant to nematode have been developed by the introduction of DNA that produced (in the host cells)

  1. Diabetes mellitus
  2. Chicken pox
  3. Rheumatoid arthritis
  4. Adenosine deaminase deficiency

Answer. 4. Adenosine deaminase deficiency

Question 116. Which of the following Bt crops is being grown in India by the farmers?

  1. Cotton
  2. Brinjal
  3. Soybean
  4. Maize

Answer. 1. Cotton

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