NEET Biology Multiple Choice Questions – Ecosystem

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Ecosystem Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. Which is not true regarding ecosystem?

  1. Self-sufficient unit.
  2. Cyclic exchange of materials between living beings and environment.
  3. Only requirement is input of energy.
  4. Characterized by a major vegetation type.

Answer. 4. Characterized by a major vegetation type.

Question 2. Which is not a structural aspect of ecosystem?

  1. Productivity
  2. Species composition
  3. Diversity
  4. Life cycle

Answer. 1. Productivity

Question 3. The amount of living material and nutrients present in different trophic levels and soils at any given time are called, respectively,

  1. Standing state and standing crop
  2. Standing crop and standing state
  3. Standing state and standing quality
  4. Biomass and standing crop

Answer. 2. Standing crop and standing state

Question 4. An ecosystem contains

  1. Green plants and animals
  2. Green plants and decomposers
  3. Green plants, animals, decomposers, and abiotic environment
  4. Producers and consumers

Answer. 3. Green plants, animals, decomposers, and abiotic environment

Question 5. When a habitat is subdivided into parts which show distinct properties, it is called

  1. Mini-habitat
  2. Micro-habitat
  3. Mega-habitat
  4. Macro-habitat

Answer. 2. Micro-habitat

Question 6. Which of the following are artificial aquatic ecosystems?

  1. Large dams and reservoirs
  2. Lakes and canals
  3. Aquarium and pond
  4. All of these

Answer. 4. All of these

Question 7. The amount of biogenetic nutrients present in the abiotic environment per unit area at any time is called

  1. Standing state
  2. Standing crop
  3. NPP
  4. Nutrients immobilization

Answer. 1. Standing state

Question 8. Which of the following is a functional aspect of an ecosystem?

  1. Species composition
  2. Inorganic nutrients
  3. Homeostasis
  4. Topography

Answer. 3. Homeostasis

Question 9. Which of the following are called key industry animals?

  1. Autotrophs
  2. Decomposers
  3. Herbivores
  4. Top carnivores

Answer. 3. Herbivores

Question 10. NPP is given by the formula

  1. NPP GPP × 100
  2. NPP = GDP – Secondary productivity
  3. NPP = GPP- Respiration rate
  4. NPP = GPP/100

Answer. 3. NPP = GPP- Respiration rate

Question 11. Which of the following ecosystems has the highest productivity?

  1. Tropical deciduous forest
  2. Temperate coniferous forest
  3. Tropical rain forest.
  4. Desert shrub

Answer. 3. Tropical rain forest.

Question 12. For NPP, energy captured is

  1. 1-5% of incident radiation
  2. 2-5% of PAR
  3. 0.8-4% of incident radiation
  4. 2-10% of PAR

Answer. 3. 0.8-4% of incident radiation

Question 13. Plant life is restricted in sea to

  1. Photic zone or euphotic zone
  2. Aphotic zone
  3. Abyssal area
  4. Continental shelf

Answer. 1. Photic zone or euphotic zone

Question 14. Gross primary productivity is

  1. Rate at which organic molecules are formed in an autotroph
  2. Rate at which organic molecules are used up by autotroph
  3. Storage of organic molecules in the body of an autotroph
  4. Rate at which organic molecules are transferred to the next higher trophic level

Answer. 1. Rate at which organic molecules are formed in an autotroph

Question 15. In tropical rain forest, most of the energy in ecosystem flows through

  1. Grazing food chain
  2. Detritus food chain
  3. Parasitic food chain
  4. Both (1) and (3)

Answer. 2. Detritus food chain

Question 16. The respiratory losses of producers, herbivores, and carnivores are, respectively,

  1. 10%, 20%, 30%
  2. 20%, 30%, 60%
  3. 20%, 40%, 80%
  4. Always 10%

Answer. 2. 20%, 30%, 60%

Question 17. Which of the following ecological pyramids can be both upright and inverted?

  1. Pyramid of number
  2. Pyramid of biomass
  3. Pyramid of energy
  4. Both (1) and (2)

Answer. 4. Both (1) and (2)

Question 18. Which of the following ecological pyramids is the most representative of the functional characteristics of an eco-system?

  1. Pyramid of number
  2. Pyramid of biomass
  3. Pyramid of energy
  4. All are equally representative

Answer. 3. Pyramid of energy

Question 19. (NPP/GPP) × 100 is

  1. Assimilation efficiency
  2. Net production efficiency
  3. Ecological efficiency
  4. Photosynthetic efficiency

Answer. 2. Net production efficiency

Question 20. Which is not true for humus?

  1. Dark colored amorphous substance
  2. Highly resistant to microbial action
  3. Acts as reservoir of nutrients and increases water holding capacity of soil
  4. Degradation product of proteins and fats and produced by the process of mineralization

Answer. 4. Degradation product of proteins and fats and produced by the process of mineralization

Question 21. Nutrient immobilization

  1. Prevents leaching of nutrients
  2. Is incorporation of nutrients in microbes.
  3. Is covalent linking of nutrients with one another
  4. More than one option is correct

Answer. 4. More than one option is correct

Question 22. If producer is a large tree that supports a number of herbivorous animals which are further attacked by ectoparasites, the pyramid of number shall be

  1. Inverted
  2. Upright
  3. Irregular
  4. Spindle shaped

Answer. 1. Inverted

Question 23. Ecological pyramids are also called

  1. Pyramids of number
  2. Eltonian pyramids
  3. Pyramids of energy
  4. Pyramids of biomass

Answer. 2. Eltonian pyramids

Question 24. A food web

  1. Increases the variety of food at each trophic level
  2. Delicately balances the inter-relations amongst organisms
  3. Decreases the variety of food but increases the quantity of food at each trophic level
  4. Increases the variety as well as the quantity of food at each trophic level

Answer. 4. Increases the variety as well as the quantity of food at each trophic level

Question 25. Ten percent law of energy transfer in a food chain was enunciated by

  1. Elton
  2. Lindeman
  3. Haeckel
  4. SchimperAnswer. 2. Lindeman

Question 26. The importance of ecosystem lies in

  1. Flow of energy
  2. Cycling of materials
  3. Both (1) and (2)
  4. Consumers

Answer. 3. Both (1) and (2)

Question 27. Earth is an

  1. Open system
  2. Closed system
  3. Both (1) and (2)
  4. None of these

Answer. 3. Both (1) and (2)

Question 28. Biogeochemical cycle having a small gaseous component is found in

  1. Phosphorus
  2. Nitrogen
  3. Carbon
  4. Sulfur

Answer. 4. Sulfur

Question 29. Annually, 1 ha of a healthy forest will

  1. Produce 10 ton of O2 and absorb 10 ton of CO2
  2. Produce 20 ton of O, and absorb 20 ton of CO2
  3. Produce 10 ton of O, and absorb 30 ton of CO2
  4. Produce 30 ton of O, and absorb 30 ton of CO2

Answer. 3. Produce 10 ton of O, and absorb 30 ton of CO2

Question 30. How many overlapping water cycles are found in nature?

  1. Two
  2. Three
  3. One
  4. There is no overlapping cycle

Answer. 1. Two

Question 31. Phosphates remain outside the natural cycle for a long time

  1. When they form compounds with metals
  2. When they are incorporated in bones and teeth
  3. When the bodies of the organisms excrete and decompose
  4. Both (1) and (2)

Answer. 4. Both (1) and (2)

Question 32. Human dominated environment is called

  1. Biosphere
  2. Noosphere
  3. Socio-cultural environment
  4. None of these

Answer. 2. Noosphere

Question 33. Energy requirement for the maintenance of body with successively higher trophic level

  1. Decreases
  2. Increases
  3. Remains same
  4. Is always 10%

Answer. 2. Increases

Question 34. In which of the following biogeochemical cycles is atmospheric phase absent/negligible?

  1. Nitrogen
  2. Sulfur
  3. Phosphorus
  4. Water

Answer. 3. Phosphorus

Question 35. Stratification is well developed in

  1. Tropical rain forests
  2. Grasslands
  3. Alpine vegetations
  4. Temperate forests

Answer. 1. Tropical rain forests

Question 36. An orderly sequence of community development on an area is called

  1. Succession
  2. Cover
  3. Establishment
  4. Diversity

Answer. 1. Succession

Question 37. The terminal stage of a successional process is called

  1. Final stage
  2. Climax stage
  3. Seral stage
  4. Pioneer stage

Answer. 2. Climax stage

Question 38. If the pioneer stage is dominated by autotrophs, then the succession is called

  1. Allogenic
  2. Autogenic
  3. Autotrophic
  4. Heterotrophic

Answer. 3. Autotrophic

Question 39. Which is not a characteristic of sera stages?

  1. Simplified food chain
  2. Few and generalized niches
  3. Low NPP
  4. Low energy use efficiency

Answer. 3. Low NPP

Question 40. Succession stage that occurs on a bare rock is called

  1. Psammosere
  2. Xerosere
  3. Lithosere
  4. Haloscre

Answer. 3. Lithosere

Question 41. Serial changes in the previously sterile or total barren area are called

  1. Climatic climax
  2. Secondary succession
  3. Primary succession
  4. Sere

Answer. 3. Primary succession

Question 42. Pond is an example of ecosystem.

  1. Artificial
  2. Natural
  3. Forest
  4. Grassland

Answer. 2. Natural

Question 43. Which of the following is the most productive ecosystem?

  1. Estuary
  2. Open sea
  3. Desert
  4. MountainAnswer. 1. Estuary

Question 44. The pyramid of energy in a forest ecosystem is

  1. Always upright
  2. Always inverted
  3. Both upright and inverted
  4. None of the above

Answer. 1. Always upright

Question 45. The importance of ecosystem is

  1. Flow of energy
  2. Cycling of materials
  3. Both (1) and (2)
  4. None of the above

Answer. 3. Both (1) and (2)

Question 46. Which is the correct path of energy flow in an ecosystem?

  1. Producers → Carnivores Herbivores → Decomposers
  2. Producers → Herbivores → Carnivores → Decomposers
  3. Herbivores → Carnivores → Producers → Decomposers
  4. Herbivores → Producers → Carnivores → Decomposers

Answer. 2. Producers → Herbivores → Carnivores → Decomposers

Question 47. The number of primary producers within a specified area would be maximum in

  1. Grassland ecosystem
  2. Forest ecosystem
  3. Pond ecosystem
  4. Deserts

Answer. 3. Pond ecosystem

Question 48. A food chain starts with

  1. Nitrogen fixation organisms
  2. Photosynthesizing organisms
  3. Respiration
  4. Decomposers

Answer. 2. Photosynthesizing organisms

Question 49. Nepenthes is a

  1. Primary producer
  2. Consumer
  3. Both primary producer and consumer
  4. None of the above

Answer. 3. Both primary producer and consumer

Question 50. Biological equilibrium is found among

  1. Producers and consumers
  2. Producers and decomposers
  3. Producers, consumers, and decomposers
  4. Producers and light

Answer. 1. Producers and consumers

Question 51. The number of individuals of a species in a particular ecosystem at a given time remains constant due to

  1. Man
  2. Parasites
  3. Predators
  4. Available food

Answer. 4. Available food

Question 52. The two components of an ecosystem are

  1. Biotic and abiotic
  2. Plants and animals
  3. Weeds and microorganisms
  4. Plants and light

Answer. 1. Biotic and abiotic

Question 53. The pyramid of number in a grassland ecosystem is

  1. Linear
  2. Upright
  3. Irregular
  4. Inverted

Answer. 2. Upright

Question 54. The cycling of elements in an ecosystem is called.

  1. Chemical cycle
  2. Biogeochemical cycle
  3. Geological cycle
  4. Geochemical cycle

Answer. 2. Biogeochemical cycle

Question 55. Which of the following bacteria has potential for nitrogen fixation?

  1. Nitrosomonas
  2. Nitrobacter
  3. Nitrosococcus
  4. Rhizobium

Answer. 4. Rhizobium

Question 56. Ecosystem has

  1. Plant and animal
  2. Air and H2O
  3. Soil and light
  4. Biotic and abiotic components

Answer. 4. Biotic and abiotic components

Question 57. Sal and teak are found in

  1. Tropical rain forest
  2. Tropical deciduous forest
  3. Temperature board leaf forest
  4. Temperature needle leaf forest

Answer. 2. Tropical deciduous forest

Question 58. Decomposers are

  1. Autotrophs
  2. Heterotrophs
  3. Organotrophs
  4. Autoheterotrophs

Answer. 2. Heterotrophs

Question 59. During food chain, the maximum energy is stored in

  1. Producers
  2. Decomposers
  3. Herbivores
  4. Carnivores

Answer. 1. Producers

Question 60. In the phosphorus cycle, weathering makes phosphate available first to

  1. Decomposers
  2. Consumers
  3. Producers
  4. All the above

Answer. 3. Producers

Question 61. In a food chain, the total amount of living material is depicted by

  1. Pyramid of biomass
  2. Pyramid of energy
  3. Pyramid of number
  4. Trophic levels

Answer. 1. Pyramid of biomass

Question 62. Nitrates are converted to nitrogen by

  1. Nitrogen fixing bacteria
  2. Ammonification bacteria
  3. Denitrifying bacteria
  4. Nitrifying bacteria

Answer. 3. Denitrifying bacteria

Question 63. In pond ecosystem, diatoms represent

  1. Producers
  2. Primary consumers
  3. Secondary consumers
  4. Tertiary consumers

Answer. 1. Producers

Question 64. Pyramids of biomass in pond ecosystem are

  1. Inverted
  2. Upright
  3. Linear
  4. Irregular

Answer. 1. Inverted

Question 65. Lion is kept under in Eltonian pyramid as

  1. Producer
  2. Primary consumer
  3. Secondary consumer
  4. Tertiary consumer

Answer. 4. Tertiary consumer

Question 66. Bacteria and fungi developing on dead decaying organisms are

  1. Parasites
  2. Commensals
  3. Saprophytes
  4. Symbionts

Answer. 3. Saprophytes

Question 67. Phytoplanktons are important biotic components of

  1. Grassland
  2. Pond ecosystem
  3. Forest ecosystem
  4. None of these

Answer. 2. Pond ecosystem

Question 68. Which ecological pyramid can never occur in an inverted form?

  1. Pyramid of number
  2. Pyramid of biomass
  3. Pyramid of energy
  4. Pyramid of species richness

Answer. 4. Pyramid of species richness

Question 69. Peacock eats snake and snake eats insect while insect eats green plant. Then the position of peacock is

  1. Primary producer
  2. Secondary producer
  3. Decomposer
  4. Top at the apex of food pyramid

Answer. 1. Primary producer

Question 70. Source of energy in an ecosystem is

  1. Sun
  2. ATP
  3. Sugar made by plant
  4. Green plant

Answer. 3. Sugar made by plant

Question 71. Legume plants are important for atmosphere because they

  1. Help in NO2 fixation
  2. Do not help in NO2 fixation
  3. Increase soil fertility
  4. All of these

Answer. 4. All of these

Question 72. Tropical dense forests are due to

  1. Low rainfall and low temperature
  2. High rainfall and low temperature
  3. Low rainfall and high temperature
  4. High rainfall and high temperature

Answer. 1. Low rainfall and low temperature

Question 73. Energy enters in food chain by

  1. Producer
  2. Primary consumers
  3. Secondary consumers
  4. Tertiary consumers

Answer. 1. Producer

Question 74. In an ecosystem,

  1. Primary producers are more than primary consumers
  2. Primary consumers are larger than primary producers
  3. Secondary consumers are larger than primary producers
  4. Primary consumers least depend on primary producers

Answer. 1. Primary producers are more than primary consumers

Question 75. In which type of forest is humus formed by dry and dead leaves?

  1. Coniferous forest
  2. Deciduous forest
  3. Tundra forest
  4. Alpine

Answer. 2. Deciduous forest

Question 76. A pond is a

  1. Biome
  2. Natural ecosystem
  3. Artificial ecosystem
  4. Community of plants and animals

Answer. 2. Natural ecosystem

Question 77. The importance of ecosystem lies in

  1. Energy flow
  2. Cycling of materials
  3. Both
  4. None

Answer. 3. Both

Question 78. The concept of ecological pyramid was given by

  1. Odum
  2. Elton
  3. Darwin
  4. Reiter

Answer. 2. Elton

Question 79. Stratification is found in

  1. Tundra
  2. Tropical forest
  3. Deciduous forest
  4. Desert

Answer. 2. Tropical forest

Question 80. The driving force of ecosystem is

  1. Producers
  2. Plants with carbohydrates
  3. Biomass
  4. Solar energy

Answer. 4. Solar energy

Question 81. Ecosystem creates

  1. Food chain
  2. Food web
  3. Any of the two
  4. None

Answer. 3. Any of the two

Question 82. The term ecosystem was coined by

  1. P. Maheshwari
  2. Tansley
  3. R. Mishra
  4. P. Odum

Answer. 2. Tansley

Question 83. The importance of ecosystem lies in

  1. Flow of energy
  2. Cycling of materials
  3. Both (1) and (2)
  4. None of the above

Answer. 3. Both (1) and (2)

Question 84. A pond is a

  1. Biome
  2. Natural ecosystem
  3. Artificial ecosystem
  4. Community of plants and animals

Answer. 2. Natural ecosystem

Question 85. Which biotic components mainly help in the recycling of minerals?

  1. Producers
  2. Consumers
  3. Decomposers
  4. All the above

Answer. 3. Decomposers

Question 86. Path of energy flow in an ecosystem is

  1. Herbivorous → Producer → Carnivorous → Decomposer
  2. Herbivorous → Carnivorous → Producer → Decomposer
  3. Producer → Carnivorous → Herbivorous → Decomposer
  4. Producer → Herbivorous → Carnivorous → Decomposer

Answer. 4. Producer → Herbivorous → Carnivorous → Decomposer

Question 87. The number of primary producers in a specified area would be the maximum in

  1. Pond ecosystem
  2. Grassland ecosystem
  3. Forest ecosystem
  4. Desert ecosystem

Answer. 1. Pond ecosystem

Question 88. Carbon cycle includes (the following is a logical sequence)

  1. Producer → Consumer → Decomposer
  2. Decomposer → Consumer → Producer
  3. Producer → Decomposer → Consumer
  4. Consumer → Producer → Decomposer

Answer. 1. Producer → Consumer → Decomposer

Question 89. The bulk of nitrogen in nature is fixed by

  1. Lightening
  2. Chemical industries
  3. Denitrifying bacteria
  4. Symbiotic bacteria

Answer. 4. Symbiotic bacteria

Question 90. Hydrological cycle is controlled by

  1. Grasslands
  2. Forests
  3. Planktons
  4. Epiphytes

Answer. 2. Forests

Question 91. In India, the temperate, evergreen type of vegetation is found mostly in

  1. Western Himalayas above 3500 m
  2. Eastern and Western Himalayas less than 3500 m
  3. Rajasthan and South Punjab
  4. Western Ghats and Assam

Answer. 2. Eastern and Western Himalayas less than 3500 m

Question 92. Savannahs are

  1. Tropical rain forest
  2. Desert
  3. Grassland with scattered trees
  4. Dense forest with close canopy

Answer. 4. Dense forest with close canopy

Question 93. Biosphere refers to

  1. Plants of the world
  2. Special plants
  3. Area occupied by living beings
  4. Plants of a particular area

Answer. 3. Area occupied by living beings

Question 94. Acacia, Prosopis, and Caparis belong to

  1. Deciduous forest
  2. Tropical forest
  3. Thorn forest
  4. Evergreen forest

Answer. 3. Thorn forest

Question 95. The total amount of energy trapped by green plants in food is called

  1. Gross primary production
  2. Net primary production
  3. Standing crop
  4. Standing state

Answer. 1. Gross primary production

Question 96. In which biome may a new plant adapt soon?

  1. Tropical rain forest
  2. Desert
  3. Mangrove
  4. Sea island

Answer. 1. Tropical rain forest

Question 97. Percentage energy transferred to higher trophic level in food chain is

  1. 1%
  2. 10%
  3. 90%
  4. 100%

Answer. 2. 10%

Question 98. What is the reason for the highest biomass in aquatic ecosystem?

  1. Nanoplankton, blue green algae, green algae
  2. Sea grass and slime molds
  3. Benthonic and brown algae
  4. Diatoms

Answer. 3. Benthonic and brown algae

Question 99. Which of the following is a correct pair?

  1. Cuscuta – Parasite
  2. Dischidia – Insectivorous
  3. Opuntia – Predator
  4. Capsella – Hydrophyte

Answer. 1. Cuscuta – Parasite

Question 100. Bamboo plant is growing in a tropical rain forest. Then what will be its trophic level?

  1. First trophic level (T1)
  2. Second trophic level (T2)
  3. Third trophic level (T3)
  4. Fourth trophic level (T4)

Answer. 1. First trophic level (T1)

Question 101. Which of the following is expected to have the highest value (g/m2/yr) in a grassland ecosystem?

  1. Tertiary production
  2. Gross production (GP)
  3. Net production (NP)
  4. Secondary production

Answer. 2. Gross production (GP)

Question 102. An ecosystem which can be easily damaged but can re- cover after some time if the damaging effect stops will have

  1. High stability and low resilience
  2. Low stability and low resilience
  3. High stability and high resilience
  4. Low stability and high resilience

Answer. 4. Low stability and high resilience

Question 103. Which one of the following pairs is mismatched?

  1. Savanna – Acacia trees
  2. Coniferous forest – Evergreen trees
  3. Tundra – Permafrost
  4. Prairies – EpiphytesAnswer. 4. Prairies – Epiphytes

Question 104. Which one of the following is not used for the construction of ecological pyramids?

  1. Rate of energy flow
  2. Fresh weight
  3. Dry weight
  4. Number of individuals

Answer. 2. Fresh weight

Question 105. Which one of the following ecosystem types has the highest annual net primary productivity?

  1. Temperate deciduous forest
  2. Tropical rain forest
  3. Tropical deciduous forest
  4. Temperate evergreen forest

Answer. 2. Tropical rain forest

Question 106. Quercus species is the dominant component in

  1. Scrub forests
  2. Tropical rain forests
  3. Temperate deciduous forests
  4. Alpine forests

Answer. 3. Temperate deciduous forests

Question 107. Consider the following statements concerning food chain?

(a) Removal of 80% tigers from an area resulted in greatly increased growth of vegetation.

(b) Removal of most of the carnivores resulted in an increased population of deers.

(c) The length of food chains is generally limited to 3-4 trophic levels due to energy loss.

(d) The length of food chains may vary from 2 to 8 trophic levels.

Which of the above two statements are correct?

  1. (a), (c)
  2. (a), (b)
  3. (b), (c)
  4. (c), (d)

Answer. 3. (b), (c)

Question 108. The slow rate of decomposition of fallen logs in nature is due to their

  1. Anaerobic environment around them
  2. Low cellulose content
  3. Low moisture content
  4. Poor nitrogen content

Answer. 3. Low moisture content

Question 109. Which one of the following types of organisms occupies more than one trophic level in a pond ecosystem?

  1. Frog
  2. Phytoplankton
  3. Fish
  4. Zooplankton

Answer. 3. Fish

Question 110. Study the four statements, (A)-(D), given and select the two correct ones out of them:

(A) A lion eating a deer and a sparrow feeding on grain are ecologically similar in being consumers.

(B) Predator starfish helps in maintaining the species diversity of some invertebrates.

(C) Predators ultimately lead to the extinction of prey species.

(D) The productions of chemicals such as nicotine and strychnine by plants are metabolic disorders.

The two correct statements are

  1. (A) and (D)
  2. (A) and (B)
  3. (B) and (C)
  4. (C) and (D)

Answer. 2. (A) and (B)

Question 111. The biomass available for consumption by herbivores and decomposers is called

  1. Net primary productivity
  2. Secondary productivity
  3. Standing crop
  4. Gross primary productivity

Answer. 1. Net primary productivity

Question 112. Which of the following is one of the characteristics of a biological community?

  1. Stratification
  2. Natality
  3. Mortality
  4. Sex-ratio

Answer. 1. Stratification

Question 113. Identify the possible link “A” in the following food chain:

Plant → Insect → Frog → “A” → Eagle

  1. Wolf
  2. Cobra
  3. Parrot
  4. Rabbit

Answer. 2. Cobra

Quercus 114. In an area where DDT had been used extensively, the population of birds declined significantly because

  1. Earthworms in the area got eradicated
  2. Cobras were feeding exclusively on birds
  3. Many eggs laid by birds did not hatch
  4. Birds stopped laying eggs

Answer. 3. Many eggs laid by birds did not hatch

Question 115. The upright pyramid of numbers is absent in

  1. Forest
  2. Lake
  3. Grassland
  4. Pond

Answer. 1. Forest

Question 116. An imaginary pyramid of numbers is given. What can be one of the possibilities about certain organisms at some of the different levels?

NEET Biology Ecosystem Question 76

  1. Level PP is phytoplanktons in sea and top level TC is whale.
  2. Level one PP is pipal trees and level SC is sheep
  3. Level PC is rats and level SC is cats.
  4. Level PC is insects and level SC is small insectivorous birds.

Answer. 4. Level PC is insects and level SC is small insectivorous birds.

Quercus 117. Which one of the following is not a functional unit of an ecosystem?

  1. Decomposition
  2. Productivity
  3. Stratification
  4. Energy flow

Answer. 3. Stratification

Question 118. Which one of the following is not a gaseous biogeochemical cycle in ecosystem?

  1. Phosphorus cycle
  2. Nitrogen cycle
  3. Carbon cycle
  4. Sulfur cycle

Answer. 1. Phosphorus cycle

Question 119. The rate of formation of new organic matter by rabbit in grassland is called

  1. Net productivity
  2. Secondary productivity
  3. Net primary productivity
  4. Gross primary productivity

Answer. 2. Secondary productivity

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