NEET Biology Multiple Choice Questions – Microbes In Human Welfare

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Microbes In Human Welfare Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1. Partially degraded concentrate of milk fat and casein is called

  1. Sour cream
  2. Yoghurt
  3. Cheese
  4. Bread

Answer. 3. Cheese

Question 2. Indian curd is prepared by inoculating cream and skimmed milk with

  1. Lactobacillus acidophilus
  2. Leuconostoc cremoris
  3. Lactobacillus bulgaricus
  4. Streptococcus lactis

Answer. 1. Lactobacillus acidophilus

Question 3. The nutrient medium for beer is

  1. Barley malt
  2. Fermented rice.
  3. Cashew-apple
  4. Potato

Answer. 1. Barley malt

Question 4. Mark the incorrect option (with respect to distilled alcoholic beverages):

  1. Wine
  2. Brandy
  3. Rum
  4. Gin

Answer. 1. Wine

Question 5. Which of the following product is not obtained from fermented soya sauce?

  1. Tempeh
  2. Tofu
  3. Sufu
  4. Dosa

Answer. 4. Dosa

Question 6. Select the odd one out with respect to the source of antibiotics:

  1. Bacteria
  2. Lichen
  3. Fungi
  4. Seeded plants

Answer. 4. Seeded plants

Question 7. Which of the following enzymes is employed in the conversion of corn starch into fructose-rich corn syrup?

  1. Amylases
  2. Glucoamylases
  3. Glucoisomerases
  4. All are correct

Answer. 4. All are correct

Question 8. Statins are competitive inhibitors of

  1. Streptokinase
  2. HMG COA reductase
  3. Pectinase
  4. Cellulase

Answer. 2. HMG COA reductase

Question 9. Which of the following organic acid is used as a source of calcium for infants, cows, and lactating mothers?

  1. Gluconic acid
  2. Lactic acid
  3. Citric acid
  4. Acetic acid

Answer. 1. Gluconic acid

Question 10. Organic acid used in pharmaceuticals, coloring agents, and plastic industries is

  1. Acetic acid
  2. Citric acid
  3. Lactic acid
  4. Gluconic acid

Answer. 1. Acetic acid

Question 11. The first mycoherbicide of the world was obtained from

  1. Trichoderma harzianum
  2. Phytophthora palmivora
  3. Cactoblastis cactorum
  4. Pythium debaiyanum

Answer. 2. Phytophthora palmivora

Question 12. The concept of sustainable agriculture lies in

  1. Minimizing biopesticides
  2. A greater dependence on new crops
  3. Least use of biofertilizers
  4. Using spores of Bacillus thuringiensis for pest control

Answer. 4. Using spores of Bacillus thuringiensis for pest control

Question 13. Which of the following has been used for controlling sugarcane leaf hopper?

  1. Predator bug
  2. Bollworm
  3. Praying mantis
  4. Lady bug

Answer. 1. Predator bug

Question 14. Find the odd one out (with respect to bioherbicide):

  1. Cactoblastis cactorum
  2. Helianthus anus
  3. Phytophthora palmivora
  4. Cochliomyia

Answer. 4. Cochliomyia

Question 15. Sustainable agriculture does not include

  1. Ecofriendly cropping
  2. Green Revolution
  3. IPM
  4. Biological control

Answer. 2. Green Revolution

Question 16. Which of the following is included in biopesticide?

  1. Viruses and bacteria only
  2. Viruses, bacteria, and fungi only
  3. Viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and mites
  4. Viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa only

Answer. 3. Viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and mites

Question 17. Biofertilizers include

  1. Blue green algae, Rhizobium, other nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and mycorrhiza
  2. Blue green algae, Trichoderma, Rhizobium, and other nitrogen-fixing bacteria
  3. Rhizobium, other nitrogen-fixing bacteria, NPV, and mycorrhiza
  4. Blue green algae, Rhizobium, Bt cotton, and mycorrhiza

Answer. 1. Blue green algae, Rhizobium, other nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and mycorrhiza

Question 18. Devine and Collego are two agricultural substances that are used as

  1. Biofertilizers
  2. Natural insecticides
  3. Insect hormones
  4. Bioherbicides

Answer. 4. Bioherbicides

Question 19. Ganga Action Plan for controlling pollution in Ganges started in

  1. 1985
  2. 1981
  3. 1987
  4. 1989

Answer. 1. 1985

Question 20. Which of the following statement is incorrect with respect to pectinases?

  1. They are used in clearing of fruit juices.
  2. They are used in chill-proofing beer and whisky.
  3. They are obtained from Byssochlamys fulva.
  4. They are used in retting of fibers.

Answer. 2. They are used in chill-proofing beer and whisky.

Question 21. The presence of E. coli in water indicates

  1. Water is clear
  2. Water is fully polluted
  3. Inorganic pollution
  4. Fecal pollution

Answer. 4. Fecal pollution

Question 22. In which stage of sewage treatment is desalination and chlorination of water done?

  1. Primary treatment
  2. Secondary treatment
  3. Tertiary treatment
  4. Both (1) and (2)

Answer. 3. Tertiary treatment

Question 23. Eutrophication in water bodies leads to

  1. High DO
  2. Low BOD
  3. Low DO
  4. Optimum dissolved oxygen

Answer. 3. Low DO

Question 24. Which of the following is not used in the treatment of polluted water?

  1. Activated carbon
  2. Trickling filter method
  3. Cyclone collector
  4. Activated sludge method

Answer. 3. Cyclone collector

Question 25. The greater BOD of waste water

  1. Increases oxygen content of water
  2. Decreases oxygen content of water
  3. Relates the decrease of temperature of water
  4. All of these

Answer. 2. Decreases oxygen content of water

Question 26. Microbes that cannot be cultured in cell-free extracts are

  1. Bacteria
  2. Fungi
  3. Viruses
  4. Algae

Answer. 3. Viruses

Question 27. Most of the antibiotics are obtained from

  1. Actinomycetes
  2. Eubacteria
  3. Ray fungi
  4. Both (1) and (3)

Answer. 4. Both (1) and (3)

Question 28. LAB stands for

  1. Lactic acid bacteria
  2. Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria
  3. Lactose acetaldehyde bacteria
  4. Laboratory

Answer. 1. Lactic acid bacteria

Question 29. Which of the following is responsible for yoghurt formation?

a. Streptococcus thermophilus

b. Lactobacillus acidophilus

c. Lactobacillus bulgaricus

d. Streptococus cremoris

  1. (a), (b), (c)
  2. (a), (d), (c)
  3. (a), (c)
  4. (a), (d)

Answer. 3. (a), (c)

Question 30. The fermented food of soybean is

  1. Tempeh
  2. Tofu
  3. Sufu
  4. All of these

Answer. 4. All of these

Question 31. Which of the following is not a symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacterium?

  1. Clostridium
  2. Rhizobium leguminosarum
  3. Yeast
  4. Mycobacterium

Answer. 1. Clostridium

Question 32. Biogas contains

  1. 30-40% methane
  2. 50-70% CO2
  3. 50-70% methane
  4. 20% methane

Answer. 3. 50-70% methane

Question 33. Citric acid is obtained from all, except

  1. Aspergillus niger
  2. Mucor
  3. Methanogens
  4. Mortierella

Answer. 4. Mortierella

Question 34. Antibiotic obtained from lichens is

  1. Neomycin
  2. Usnic acid
  3. Polymixin
  4. Viridin

Answer. 2. Usnic acid

Question 35. Which bacterium is used in bioremidiation process?

  1. Rhizobium sp.
  2. Pseudomonas pudita
  3. Bacillus licheniformis
  4. Streptococci

Answer. 2. Pseudomonas pudita

Question 36. CDRI is located in

  1. Lucknow
  2. Kanpur
  3. Delhi
  4. Karnal

Answer. 1. Lucknow

Question 37. Viridin antibiotic is effective against

  1. Bacteria
  2. Fungi
  3. Gram positive bacteria
  4. Gram negative bacteria

Answer. 2. Fungi

Question 38. Which fungal extract was extensively used in treating wounded American soldiers in World War II?

  1. Streptomycin
  2. Penicillin
  3. Aflatoxin
  4. Gluconic acid

Answer. 2. Penicillin

Question 39. Dosa and idli are the fermented preparations of rice and black gram. Fermentation is done with

  1. Leuconostoc
  2. Streptococcus
  3. Saccharomyces
  4. More than one option is correct

Answer. 4. More than one option is correct

Question 40. Wine yeast is

  1. Saccharomyces effipsoidens
  2. S. sake
  3. S. pireformis
  4. S. cerevisiae

Answer. 1. Saccharomyces effipsoidens

Question 41. Amylases are employed for all, except

  1. Softening of bread
  2. Clearing of turgidity in juices
  3. Preparation of cheese
  4. Desizing of textile fibers

Answer. 3. Preparation of cheese

Question 42. The derivatives of gluconic acid are used as a source of

  1. Calcium
  2. Iron
  3. Glucose
  4. Fat

Answer. 1. Calcium

Question 43. The first step in biogas production is carried out with the help of

  1. Obligate aerobes
  2. Decomposers
  3. Frankia
  4. Detritivores

Answer. 2. Decomposers

Question 44. Rotenone, a natural insecticide, is obtained from

  1. Azadirachta indica
  2. Derris sp.
  3. Bacillus thuringiensis
  4. Phytophthora palmivora

Answer. 2. Derris sp.

Question 45. Fermented beverage with maximum alcohol content is

  1. Beer
  2. Brandy
  3. Whisky
  4. Gin

Answer. 2. Brandy

Question 46. Find the correct match:

Column 1                                                                     Column 2

a. Streptomyces venezuelae                                    (1) Neomycin

b. Streptomyces rimosus                                        (2) Gentamycin

c. Micromonosperma purpurea                             (3) Chloramphenicol/ Chloromycetin

d. Streptomyces fradiae                                         (4) Oxytetracycline/ Terramycin

  1. a (4), b (3), c (2), d (1)
  2. a (4), b (2), c (3), d (1)
  3. a (3), b (4), c (1), d (2)
  4. a (3), b (4), c (2), d (1)

Answer. 4. a (3), b (4), c (2), d (1)

Question 47. Rennin used in cheese industry is

  1. Antibiotic
  2. Enzyme
  3. Alkaloid
  4. Inhibitor

Answer. 2. Enzyme

Question 48. A compound which is produced by an organism and inhibits the growth of other organisms is called

  1. Antibody
  2. Antigen
  3. Anti-allergic
  4. Antibiotic

Answer. 4. Antibiotic

Question 49. Genetically engineered bacteria have been used in the commercial production of

  1. Thyroxine
  2. Testosterone
  3. Human insulin
  4. Melatonium

Answer. 3. Human insulin

Question 50. For biogas production, besides dung, which of the following is used as manure?

  1. Eichhornia
  2. Parthenium
  3. Glycine
  4. Arachis

Answer. 1. Eichhornia

Question 51. The bioconcentration of DDT in the body fat of Indians is

  1. 18-36 ppm
  2. 5-10 ppm
  3. 13-31 ppm
  4. 2-5 ppm

Answer. 3. 13-31 ppm

Question 52. DDT is a/an

  1. Organochlorine
  2. Organophosphate
  3. Carbamate
  4. Pyrethroid

Answer. 1. Organochlorine

Question 53. Biopesticides include

  1. Only bioinsecticide
  2. Only bioherbicide
  3. Bioinsecticide and bioherbicide
  4. Bioherbicide, bioinsecticide, and biofertilizers

Answer. 3. Bioinsecticide and bioherbicide

Question 54. Which of the following pairs serve as biofertilizers?

  1. Albugo and lichen
  2. Frankia and Nostoc
  3. Pseudomonas and E. coli
  4. Spirogyra and Mucor

Answer. 2. Frankia and Nostoc

Question 55. The most famous pesticide of the world is

  1. Methyl isocyanate
  2. DDT
  3. Malathion
  4. BHC

Answer. 2. DDT

Question 56. Which of the following plant is used as green manure?

  1. Crotalaria juncea
  2. Vigna sinensis
  3. Barseem
  4. All the above

Answer. 4. All the above

Question 57. Which of the following statement is incorrect about DDT?

  1. DDT is a pesticide, which is an organochlorine.
  2. It is lipophilic and non-biodegradable.
  3. Milk is a good carrier of DDT.
  4. DDT does not undergo bioconcentration when it enters in food chain.

Answer. 4. DDT does not undergo bioconcentration when it enters in food chain.

Question 58. The first inorganic pesticide to be used commercially was

  1. Bordeaux mixture
  2. Burgandy mixture
  3. DDT
  4. 2-4D

Answer. 1. Bordeaux mixture

Question 59. VAM is important for

  1. Breaking of dormancy
  2. Phosphate nutrition
  3. Water uptake
  4. Retarding flowering
  5. Decrease in yield

Answer. 2. Phosphate nutrition

Question 60. Besides dung, the weed that can be used in biogas production is

  1. Hydrilla
  2. Solanum nigrum
  3. Eichhornia crassipes
  4. Parthenium hysterophorus
  5. All of these

Answer. 2. Solanum nigrum

Question 61. Which one is a neem product used as insect repellent?

  1. Azardirachtin
  2. Rotenone
  3. Parathione
  4. Endrin

Answer. 1. Azardirachtin

Question 62. The enzyme that converts glucose into alcohol is

  1. Lipase
  2. Zymase
  3. Diastase
  4. Invertase

Answer. 2. Zymase

Question 63. Which one of the following statements is correct?

  1. Cyanobacteria such as Anabaena and Nostoc are important mobilizers of phosphates and potassium for plant nutrition in soil.
  2. At present, it is not possible to grow maize without chemical fertilizers.
  3. Extensive use of chemical fertilizers may lead to eutrophication of nearby water bodies.
  4. Both Azotobacter and Rhizobium fix atmospheric nitrogen in the root nodules of plants.

Answer. 3. Extensive use of chemical fertilizers may lead to eutrophication of nearby water bodies.

Question 64. DDT residues are rapidly passed through food chain causing biomagnification because DDT is

  1. Water soluble
  2. Lipo soluble
  3. Moderately toxic
  4. Non-toxic to aquatic animals

Answer. 2. Lipo soluble

Question 65. The term “antibiotic” was coined by

  1. Alexander Fleming
  2. S. Waksman
  3. Louis Pasteur
  4. Edward Jenner

Answer. 2. S. Waksman

Question 66. The antibiotic Terramycin is obtained from

  1. Streptomyces griseus
  2. Streptomyces ramosus
  3. Streptomyces venezuelae
  4. Clostridium botulinum

Answer. 2. Streptomyces ramosus

Question 67. Which one of the following is not true about antibiotics?

  1. The first antibiotic was discovered by Alexander Fleming.
  2. The term “antibiotic” was coined by S. Waksman in 1942.
  3. Some persons can be allergic to a particular antibiotic.
  4. Each antibiotic is effective only against one particular kind of germ.

Answer. 4. Each antibiotic is effective only against one particular kind of germ.

Question 68. Penicillin is obtained from

  1. Aspergillus fumigatus
  2. Penicillium chrysogenum
  3. Penicillium griseofulvum
  4. Streptomyces griseus

Answer. 2. Penicillium chrysogenu

Question 69. Antibiotic flavicin is obtained from

  1. Aspergillus fumigatus
  2. Aspergillus flavus
  3. Streptomyces griesus
  4. Streptomyces fradiae

Answer. 2. Aspergillus flavus

Question 70. Cyclosporin-an immunosuppressive drug-is produced by

  1. Aspergillus niger
  2. Manascus purpureus
  3. Penicillium notatum
  4. Trichoderma polysporum

Answer. 4. Trichoderma polysporum

Question 71. A sewage treatment process in which a part of decomposer bacteria present in the waste is recycled into the starting of the process is called

  1. Cyclic treatment
  2. Activated sludge treatment
  3. Primary treatment
  4. Tertiary treatment

Answer. 2. Activated sludge treatment

Question 72. When domestic sewage mixes with water,

  1. Small animals such as rats will die after drinking river water
  2. The increased microbial activity releases micronutrients such as iron
  3. The increased microbial activity uses up dissolved oxygen
  4. The river water is still suitable for drinking as impurities are only about 0.1%

Answer. 3. The increased microbial activity uses up dissolved oxygen

Question 73. Which one of the following is used as biological insecticide?

  1. Tiger beetle
  2. Caterpillar
  3. Silk moth
  4. Majra Poka

Answer. 1. Tiger beetle

Question 74. Biogas production is carried out by

  1. Thermoacidophiles
  2. Methanogens
  3. Halophiles
  4. Luminants

Answer. 2. Methanogens

Question 75. Biogas produced by the fermentation of manure, sewage, cattle dung, etc., predominantly comprises

  1. Methane, nitrogen, and hydrogen
  2. Methane and carbon dioxide
  3. Methane and carbon monoxide
  4. Methane and nitric oxide

Answer. 2. Methane and carbon dioxide

Question 76. Which one of the following is an example of carrying out biological control of pests/diseases using microbes?

  1. Nucleopolyhedrovirus against white rust in Brassica.
  2. Bt-cotton to increase cotton yield.
  3. Lady bird beetle against aphids in mustard.
  4. Trichodrma sp. against certain plant pathogens.

Answer. 4. Trichodrma sp. against certain plant pathogens.

Question 77. Green Revolution in India occurred during

  1. 1960’s
  2. 1970’s
  3. 1980’s
  4. 1950’s

Answer. 1. 1960’s

Question 78. In gobar gas, the maximum amount is of

  1. Butane
  2. Methane
  3. Propane
  4. Carbon dioxide

Answer. 2. Methane

Question 79. Domestic sewage in large cities

  1. Has a high BOD as it contains both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria
  2. Is processed by aerobic and then anaerobic bacteria in the secondary treatment in sewage treatment plants (STPs)
  3. When treated in STPS does not really require the aeration step as the sewage contains adequate oxygen.
  4. Has very high amounts of suspended solids and dissolved salts

Answer. 4. Has very high amounts of suspended solids and dissolved salts

Question 80. During sewage treatment, biogas is produced which includes

  1. Methane, oxygen, and hydrogen sulfide
  2. Hydrogen sulfide, methane, and sulfur dioxide
  3. Hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen, and methane
  4. Methane, hydrogen sulfide, and carbon dioxide

Answer. 3. Hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen, and methane

Question 81. A good producer of citric acid is

  1. Pseudomonas
  2. Clostridium
  3. Saccharomyces
  4. Aspergillus

Answer. 3. Saccharomyces

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