UP Board Class 10 Biology Our Environment Question and Answers

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Question 1. Why are some substances biodegradable and some non-biodegradable?
Answer: There are two types of substances, biological origin and man-made. Biological origin waste articles can be degraded by decomposer organisms because they have enzymes to do so, for example, garbage, livestock waste, agricultural waste, paper, etc.

They are called biodegradable substances. Most man-made articles cannot be degraded by decomposers because they do not have enzymes to do so, for Example plastic, glass, crockery, and metallic cans. Such articles are called non-biodegradable substances.

Question 2. Give any two ways in which biodegradable substances would affect the environment.
Answer:

  1. Foul Smell. Biodegradable substances begin to stink after a few hours. They emit a foul smell.
  2. Pathogens and Pests. Pathogens and pests multiply rapidly in the heap. They spread diseases through flies, mosquitoes, cockroaches, and rats.

Question 3. Give any two ways in which non-biodegradable substances would affect the environment.
Answer:

Dumping Area. It becomes a source of pollution to groundwater and the emission of foul gases. There is a limit to the creation of new dumping areas as it makes the land barren and an eye sore.

Biological Magnification. Soluble persistent pesticides like DDT, and heavy metals (For example lead, cadmium, nickel, mercury) enter the food chain through soil, groundwater, and plants. They change and increase in concentration at higher trophic levels. Several diseases are caused by them.

Our Environment Paragraph-Based Question

The human body is made up of five important components of which water is the main component. Food as well as potable water are essential for every human being. The food is obtained from plants through agriculture. Pesticides are being used extensively for a high yield in the fields.

These pesticides are absorbed by the plants from the soil along with water and minerals and from the water bodies these pesticides are taken up by the aquatic animals and plants.

As these chemicals are not biodegradable, they accumulate progressively at each trophic level. The maximum concentration ofthese chemicals gets accumulates in our bodies and greatly affects the health of our mind and body.

Question 1. Why is the maximum concentration of pesticides found in human beings?
Answer: Human beings belong to lie lot of food chain

Question 2. Give one method that could be applied to reduce our intake of pesticides through food to some extent.
Answer: Organic farming of Biopesticides/through the washing of vegetables, fruit; and grains

Question 3. Various steps in a food chain represent

  1. Food Web
  2. Trophic Level
  3. Ecosystem
  4. Biomagnification

Answer: 2. Trophic Level

Question 4. About various food chains operating in an ecosystem, man is a

  1. Consumer
  2. Producer
  3. Producer And Consumer
  4. Producer And Decomposer

Answer: 1. Consumer

Our Environment Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. Mention the basis of classifying substances as biodegradable and non-biodegradable. Give two examples
Answer: Putersxibility or the (lie ability to get decomposed or not. Biodegradable substances are decomposed by saprophytes, for example; food leftovers used leaves leaves.

Non-biodegradable substances are not decomposed by saprophytes as they do not have enzymes for them, for example, milk pouches, and aluminum foil.

Question 2. If nil the wastes we generate are biodegradable, what effect will this have on the environment? Write two virtues that will be imbibed if the people are made to understand that the generation of waste should be restricted to biodegradable only.
Answer: There will be no pilling up of waste, nor there will be pressure to acquire Jand for their disposal.

Biodegradable waste gets decomposed by saprophytes within 2 to 3 months producing manure, compost, biogas, etc. There will be recycling of nutrients. Decomposers release nutrients from biodegradable wastes.

The same arc is picked up by plants for their nutrition and growth. Virtues. Many diseases will disappear, and Earth will remain clean. Manure and compost will be available for crops, Biogas shall be available for energy and lighting. CM.

Question 3. Write two harmful effects of using plastic bags on the environment. Suggest alternatives to the usage of plastic bags. List any two practices that can be followed to dispose of the waste produced in our homes.
Answer: Harmful Effects, Plastic is non-biodegradable. Therefore, waste plastic bags cause pollution of land and water bodies, Waste plastic bags thrown indiscriminately block the drainage system, and They harm or even kill stray animals, Burning of waste plastic releases toxic gases. Alternatives. Use of jute or cloth bags, paper bags (if) Use of washable or biodegradable containers.

Separation of recyclable articles for rag pickers. Separation of biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes in separate bins. Use of container bottles for storing articles in kitchens Composting of kitchen wastes for the kitchen garden.

Our Environment Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1. Distinguish between biodegradable and nonbiodegradable substances. List two effects of each of them in our environment
Answer:

  • Foul Smell. Biodegradable substances begin to stink after a few hours. They emit a foul smell.
  • Pathogens and Pests. Pathogens and pests multiply rapidly in the heap. They spread diseases through flies, mosquitoes, cockroaches, and rats.
  • Dumping Area. It becomes a source of pollution to groundwater and the emission of foul gases. There is a limit to the creation of new dumping areas as it makes the land barren and an eye sore.
  • Biological Magnification. Soluble persistent pesticides like DDT, and heavy metals (For example lead, cadmium, nickel, mercury) enter the food chain through soil, groundwater, and plants. They change and increase in concentration at higher trophic levels. Several diseases are caused by them.

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